15. read the following paragraph from "the tall woman and her short husband." when the weather turned warmer mrs. tall came out. after so long in bed her face was deathly white, and she swayed from side to side. she held a cane in her right hand and kept her elbow bent in front of her. her half-paralysed left leg made walking difficult. she had obviously had a stroke. every morning and every evening mr. short her twice round the yard, painfully and slowly. by hunching up his shoulders he was able to grip her crooked arm in both hands. it was hard for him, but he smiled to encourage her. as she couldn't raise her left foot, he tied a rope round it and pulled this up when she wanted to take a step forward.
all of the following words could be used to describe the relationship between mrs. tall and mr. short except (1 point)
a. awkward.
b. devoted.
c. patient.
d. tender.
16. identify the word or phrase that should be in italics. riding the orient express toward istanbul, tom read the novels of mark twain. (1 point)
a. orient express
b. istanbul
c. express
d. mark twain
17. identify the word or phrase that should be in italics: he felt like a character in a steven spielberg movie as he listened to a strauss waltz while eating spaghetti in the dining car. (1 point)
a. steven spielberg
b. strauss waltz
c. spaghetti
d. no error
18. identify the sentence that contains an error in punctuation or capitalization. (1 point) a.
"good morning," ms. roper said. " open your copies of the hobbit to page 45."
b. "i've left my book at home, said emily. "may i share with someone else? "
c. ms. roper handed out an article on j. r. r. tolkien from smithsonian magazine.
d. "i can’t wait to read the rest of his books," said rick.
19. identify the choice that contains no errors in punctuation or use of italics. (1 point)
a. catherine asked, "where are you going"?
b. "we're going to volunteer at the animal shelter," said dan, "do you want to come? "
c. "do they have puppies there? " she asked.
d. "of course. did you think they had elephants? ", dan asked her.

20. identify the error in apostrophe use: pat's friend just called to ask if tom's brother will be at richards' birthday party. (1 point)
a. pat's b. tom's c. richards' d. no error
21. identify the error in apostrophe use: those dogs's owners have left them in their vet's kennel while they shop at macy's. (1 point)
a. dogs's b. vet's c. macy's d. no error
22. identify the incorrect word: emma told jim that his car is still in it’s parking place next to our apartment. (1 point) a. his b. it’s c. our d. no error

What is the biggest difference in central ideas and themes? question 1 options: themes are for stories with characters in them. there is only a central idea if it is explicitly (specifically, outright) stated in a story. central ideas are a main idea specific to the text, while themes are an universal lesson or moral. themes are only found in nonfiction, while central ideas are found in fiction. question 2 (1 point) which of the following is not a true statement about theme? question 2 options: mulitple themes can be found within a single text theme is usually inferred. the theme is always clearly stated by the author or a character. themes should be supported by evidence from the text. question 3 (1 point) what is indirect characterization? question 3 options: all details stated and implied that give the reader information about a character. details such as age, height, or hair color that give the reader information about a character. actions or dialogue said by a character that give the reader information about a character. the description an author gives about the character in the exposition. question 4 (1 point) which sentence best describes lizabeth's development in "marigolds"? question 4 options: lizabeth matures when she recognizes that love is more powerful than hate. lizabeth learns that sympathy and understanding come from recognizing the truth about other people. lizabeth changes her behavior after she recognizes that she needs to be a better example for her brother. lizabeth comes to recognize that the world is too barren to create lasting beauty. question 5 (1 point) how does the resolution of lizabeth's conflict in "marigolds" develop the theme? question 5 options: lizabeth recognizes that she has looked only at herself rather than at other people. lizabeth's destruction of miss lotte's flowers brings about justice over miss lotte's ill-treatment of the children. lizabeth's pursuit of adventure leads her to a more fulfilling life away from the shantytown. the camaraderie of lizbeth and joey creates meaning in both their lives. question 6 (1 point) which of the following quotations best exemplifies lizabeth's childish nature at the beginning of the story? question 6 options: "and one other thing i remember, another incongruency of memory - a brilliant splash of sunny yellow against the dust - miss lottie's marigolds." "by the time i was fourteen, my brother joey and i were the only children left at the house." "'hey, lizabeth,' joey yelled. he never talked when he could yell." "then i lost my head entirely, mad with the power of inciting such rage, and ran out of the bushes chanting madly, 'old witch, fell in a ditch, picked up a penny and through she was rich! '" question 7 (1 point) the story "marigolds" is told in a flashback. lizabeth recounts the details of the incident with miss lottie for the reader years after they have happened. how is this important to the development of lizabeth's character? question 7 options: lizabeth is older now and realizes that she may not have made the best decisions. lizabeth feels sorry for herself now and thinks that miss lottie is still angry. there were so many kids and so little to do, their behaviors should have been overlooked. all of these question 8 (1 point) lizabeth's "world had lost its boundary lines," when she overheard her father crying to her mother. what can we assume about the character of the father because of her reaction to this moment? question 8 options: we can assume that her father is a weak man. we can assume that her father shares his fears with his children and wife often. we can assume that her father is a proud and strong man and that his brokenness is a change in his character. we can assume that until this moment, her father has only cried to lizabeth but not to her mother which explains her surprise.